基于多源卫星数据的云底高度反演算法在中国近海的应用研究     

朱晓蕾  钱越英  严卫  李冠林  安豪 《气象科学》2019,39(4):467-476

本文利用直减率反演云底高度的计算方法,联合星载主、被动探测资料开展了中国东海、南海上空暖云云底高度反演研究,同时对暖云的分布特征进行了统计。结果表明受大气层结稳定程度影响,夜间的反演效果优于白天。两种资料的云顶高度较一致时,反演效果好,该方法具有可行性。  相似文献   

Research Status and Progress of Balloon-borne Cloud and Precipitation Particles Probe     

Peng Wang  Lei Liu  Xichuan Liu  Shuai Hu  Shijun Zhao  Wenming Ji  Taichang Gao 《地球科学进展》1986,35(7):704-714

The accurate observation of the microphysical structure of cloud and precipitation plays an important role in understanding the formation of clouds and precipitation. In-situ measurement using measuring instruments carried by meteorological balloons is an effective way to obtain the microphysical properties of cloud and precipitation particles, which is a supplementary means for aircraft to observe cloud and precipitation particles. This observation method plays a more and more important role in in-situ measurement. According to the difference of the working principle of the existing balloon-borne cloud and precipitation particles probes, the detectors can be divided into particle impact-sampling sensors, particle imaging sensors, light-scattering sensors, light intensity attenuation sensors and charge measurement sensors. The working principles, key technologies and main advantages and disadvantages of typical instruments were summarized, and their applications to detailed cloud structure acquisition, cloud remote sensing method establishment, cloud and precipitation physical process research and parameterization, and scientific observation of thunderstorm clouds were briefly introduced. Finally, the development trend of balloon-borne cloud precipitation particle detectors was prospected, which will provide reference for related technical research and equipment development.  相似文献   

ENSO cycle in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model and its negative feedback mechanism   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Assoc. Prof. Dr. X. -Q. Yang  Dr. Q. Xie  Prof. Y. -Q. Ni  Dr. S. -S. Huang 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1996,61(3-4):153-186

Summary A coupled ocean-atmosphere anomaly model has been developed for simulating ENSO cycle and its mechanism-study in this paper. After a long model run, the coupled model is successful in demonstrating ENSO-like irregular interannual variability and corresponding horizontal spatial structures. Based on the simulated results, the dynamics and the thermodynamics of the model ENSO cycle have been investigated, and in particular the negative feedback mechanisms that act to oppose instability of air-sea interaction, inducing termination of warm and cold events, have been examined. A detailed analysis of the oceanic wave dynamical properties and heat budget of the SST changes in a representative cycle suggest that the negative feedback mechanism to check the unstable growth of a warm event obviously differs from that of a cold event. The mechanism that induces decay and termination of a cold event is closely related to the negative, delayed feedback effect produced by the oceanic dynamical wave reflection at the western boundary. However, independent of the wave reflection effect, the negative feedback mechanism by which the coupled system returns from a warm event is associated with a slowly eastward-propagating coupling mode. Accompanied with the strong unstable development of the equatorial positive SST anomaly, the anomalous upwelling of cold water generated off the equator and the nonlinear anomalous meridional advection generated in the equator west of instability area jointly restrain the instability and finally plunge the system from a mature warm phase into a weak cold phase. A comparison between the results from the present model and the previous works is also discussed in this paper.With 16 Figures  相似文献   

非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率的协调性初探     

刘宇迪  田福厚  张亮  侯志明 《热带气象学报》2006,22(5):473-478

为了理论上研究非静力滞弹性模式中水平分辨率与垂直分辨率之间的搭配问题，以线性斜压滞弹性方程组为出发方程，导出解析的频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，同时在最优三维网格C／CP下进行离散，也导出频散方程、水平群速方程和垂直群速方程，然后用图示的方法，比较了在不同的水平和垂直格距下模拟解析解所产生的误差。结果表明：当垂直格距和水平格距相当时，在C／CP网格上对惯性重力波的频率、水平群速和垂直群速都能较好地模拟，产生的相对误差均在5％以下。  相似文献   

APPLICATION OF BDA SCHEME IN TYPHOON TRACK PREDICTION     

张根生  费建芳  黄小刚  卢龙 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2006,12(2):179-185

The MM5, which is the PSU/NCAR mesoscale nonhydrostatic limited-area model, and its adjoining modeling system are used in this paper. Taking T106 analysis data as background field the authors generate an optimal initial condition of a typhoon by using two bogus data assimilation schemes, and conduct some numerical simulating experiments. The results of No.9608 typhoon (Gloria) show that the optimal initial field have some dramatic improvements, such as inaccurate position of typhoon center, weaker typhoon circulation and incomplete inner structure of the typhoon, which are caused by shortage of data over the sea. Some improvements have been made in the track forecast. Through several comparing experiments, the initialization optimized by BDA scheme is found to be more reasonable than GFDL scheme and its typhoon track forecast is better.  相似文献   

Nonlinear Atmospheric and Climate Dynamics in China （2003-2006）： A Review     

丁瑞强  封国林  刘式达  刘式适  黄思训  付遵涛 《大气科学进展》2007,24(6):1077-1085

Recent advances in the study of nonlinear atmospheric and climate dynamics in China （2003 2006） are briefly reviewed. Major achievements in the following eight areas are covered： nonlinear error dynamics and predictability; nonlinear analysis of observational data; eddy-forced envelope Rossby soliton theory; sensitivity and stability of the ocean＇s thermohaline circulation; nonlinear wave dynamics; nonlinear analysis on fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer; the basic structures of atmospheric motions; some applications of variational methods.  相似文献   

基于小波分解和最小二乘支持向量机的西太平洋副高预测模型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘科峰  张韧  于鹏  王彦磊  余丹丹 《热带气象学报》2007,23(5):491-496

用小波分解（WT）和最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）相结合的方法,建立西太平洋副热带高压面积指数的预报模型。该方法首先将西太平洋副热带面积指数（SI）分解为相对简单的带通分量信号,利用LS-SVM建立各分量信号的独立预报模型,然后对预报结果进行集成。为了评估和比较该方法的预报效果和技术优势,最后比较了在同等条件下WT～LS-SVM模型和神经网络、线性回归模型的独立检验预报效果。试验结果表明,该方法具有泛化能力强、预报精度高、训练速度快、稳定性好、便于建模等优点,具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

INTERDECADAL VARIATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENSO AND SUMMER INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN CHINA   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱益民  杨修群  陈晓颖  赵珊珊  孙旭光 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2007,13(2):132-136

Interdecadal variation of the relationships between ENSO and the summer interannual climate variability in China is investigated by using techniques of sliding correlation analysis with the tropical Pacific SSTA and the observed surface air temperature and precipitation from stations in China. The results indicate that there are stable and robust relations that the Northern China is relatively dry during the developing phase of ENSO while the Yangtze River valley is relatively wet during the decaying phase of ENSO. On the other hand, interdecadal variations of the relations are also found in other regions. Over the time both prior to the Pacific decadal climate shift (before the late 1970s) and after it (after the late 1970s), during the developing phases of ENSO the summer precipitation anomaly in South China changed from below to above normal, whereas that in Northeast China changed from above to below normal; the summer surface air temperature anomaly in North and Northeast China changed from cooling to warming, whereas that in South China changed to cooling; during the decaying phases of ENSO the North China changed from wetter to dryer while the Huai River valley changed from dryer to normal; North China, Yangtze River valley and South China tend to be warmer. Based on the composite analysis of the NCAR/NCEP reanalyze datasets, significant differences existing in ENSO-related atmospheric circulation anomaly in East Asia during pre- and post-shift periods may be responsible for the interdecadal variation of relationships between ENSO and surface air temperature and precipitation in China.  相似文献   

季节尺度区域气候模拟适应调整时间选取问题的数值试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钟中  胡轶佳  闵锦忠  徐洪蕾 《气象学报》2007,65(4):469-477

文中利用区域气候模式RegCM3,以1998年夏季中国异常气候事件为例,对季节尺度区域气候模拟适应调整时间的选取问题进行了数值研究。共做了11个试验,每个试验的适应调整时间最短为10 d,最长为6个月,以检验适应调整时间长短对夏季中国异常气候事件模拟结果的影响。结果表明:对于大气变量而言,模式通常在经过4—8 d的适应调整时间后,就进入"气候模态"运行,此后模拟误差主要是由于模式对区域内大气过程描述能力不足造成的,对适应调整时间选取不再敏感,这进一步证实了区域气候模拟是一个边值问题的观点。各气候区平均降水量模拟结果受适应调整时间影响也不大,但不同的适应调整时间对降水分布格局模拟将产生一定影响,降水分布模拟结果随适应调整时间的不同存在一定的不确定性,这种不确定性通常出现在强降水发生区域。总之,对于季节尺度降水模拟,适应调整时间大于2个月效果更好。对降水分布格局模拟误差和东亚夏季风系统进退过程之间关系的进一步分析发现,模式对受夏季风系统影响比较大的区域模拟的降水相关系数变化性也比较大,因此,发展合适的积云对流参数化方案以提高受夏季风系统直接影响区域强降水过程的描述能力是改进区域气候模式对中国区域夏季气候模拟效果的有效途径。  相似文献   

利用微波成像仪资料反演台风Aere(2004)降水水平结构     

王晓丹  钟中 《热带气象学报》2007,23(1):98-104

2005年6月华南出现大范围持续性暴雨过程,造成巨大损失。利用常规气象资料、卫星云图TBB资料及T213分析场资料,对此次持续性暴雨过程的成因进行了分析,结果发现:这次暴雨过程充足稳定的水汽主要源自印度洋,这与“94.6”等以往华南暴雨水汽主要来自于南海不同。高低空急流与切变线是这次强降雨过程的触发系统,低空急流输送了丰沛的暖湿空气,维持了低空对流不稳定形势。冷暖气流在切变线南侧、低空急流左侧交汇,产生强烈辐合上升运动,触发了强降水。对流云系上MCS的不断生消是造成强降雨持续的直接原因。本次过程存在一次高空急流的变化,高空由西北急流转为西南急流,切变线的变化趋势与这一变化过程相呼应;这一特征也是暴雨过程得以维持的重要原因。  相似文献